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History
of the
transplant
in Romania |
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At
the beginning of the XX-th century,
Dr Florescu made the first attempts
of organs transplantation in Romania.
While working in the experimental
surgery laboratory of the University
of Medicine Bucharest, he made
several experiments of kidney
transplantation. The operations
werent successfully and dr.
Florescu considered that this
happened because of a bad
implantation angle of the blood
vessels ( the kidneys became
necrotics), so he tried different
places of the body for the
implantation, hoping he will find
the right angle. This didnt happen
and the experiences were abandoned.
In 1958 Prof. Dr Agrippa Ionescu
realized the first skin
transplantation in an organized
hospital environment, and in 1962
the first cornea transplantation was
performed. In the second half of the
past century, Sergiu Duca in
Cluj-Napoca, Vladimir Fluture in
Timisoara and Dumitru
Popescu-Falticeanu with Emil
Papahagi form the Emergency Hospital
Floreasca Bucuresti made
experimental liver transplantation.
The first functional human solid
organ transplant was the one made by
Profesor Eugeniu Proca in February
1980 at Fundeni Hospital, with
kidney from living donor (recipients
mother). This transplant was
followed in a short time by a renal
transplant from a brain dead donor,
made in Timișoara by a team leaded
by Prof. Dr. Petru Dragan. Until
December 1989 the only transplants
performed in Romania were a small
number of kidney transplants.
In 1992 started the first modern
program of kidney transplantation in
Romania, done by Prof. Dr. Mihai
Lucan at the Clinic of Urology of
the County Hospital Cluj-Napoca (
who became Clinical Institute of
Urology and Renal Transplantation
Cluj-Napoca).
From 1995 the efforts to establish a
national transplant network were
intensified, organized in several
steps:
The protocol of diagnosis and
declaration of the brain death was
established (Prof. Dr. Dan Tulbure)
The conditions for the removal of
the organs from the deceased donor
were established (Prof. Dr. Vladimir
Belis)
Mass-media campaign to explain the
brain death and to promote organ and
tissue donation
The first multiorgan harvestings
(1997); in february was removed a
kidney from a brain deth donor at
the Clinic of General Surgery -
Fundeni Hospital (surgery team
Irinel Popescu, Ioanel Sinescu,
Vladislav Braºoveanu, Radu Soare,
Dan Tulbure), and in June a removal
of liver and kidney at Floreasca
Emergency Hospital (surgery team
coordinated by Prof. Dr. Irinel
Popescu, and anesthezic team
coordinated by Dr. Ioana Grintescu).
An important role had the County
Hospital Targu-Mureº, where Prof.
Dr. Radu Deac and Dr. Pia Moldovan
maintained in physiological
conditions several brain death
donors, and their families agreed
the organ donation.
The training and specialization of
the first transplant coordinators,
the fist one was Dr. Victor Zota,
the actual Director of The National
Transplant Agency. The rules for the
allocation of organs at national
level were established, and also the
Are established rules to repartizate
the organs at national level and of
the exchange of organs with other
european countries , based on signed
cooperation agreements.
In 1997 was founded the
professional association
ROMTRANSPLANT whitch will have
important scientific and
organizational roles in the
development of the Romanian
transplant system. From this point
of vue, the five national congresses
organized by Romtransplant, with
international participation (1998 -
Cluj-Napoca president Prof. Dr.
Mihai Lucan, 2000- Bucharest -
president Prof. Dr. Irinel Popescu,
2002- Targu-Mureș - president Prof.
Dr. Radu Deac, 2004- Constanța -
Eforie Nord - president Prof. Dr.
Vasile Sârbu and 2006 Cluj-Napoca -
president Prof. Dr. Mihai Lucan) are
very important steps.
An important moment was the speech
of His Holiness Teoctist Patriarch
of the Romanian Ortodox Church who,
at the opening ceremony of the
Second Romtransplant Congress in
2000 Intercontinental Hotel
expressed the approval of the
Romanian Ortodox Church for the
organ and tissue removal from brain
dead donors, sustaining the organ
donation as a normal attitude for
Christians.
The president of Romtransplant is,
from 1997 until now, Prof. Dr.
Irinel Popescu, and the general
secretary is Prof. Dr. Mihai
Voiculescu. În 1997 was performed
the first liver transplantation by
Prof. Dr. Irinel Popescu at Fundeni
Hospital, which wasnt followed by
the survival of the pacient. From
1997, the leader of the kidney
transplant program from Fundeni
Hospital is Prof. Dr. Ioanel Sinescu,
after the retirement of Prof.
Eugeniu Proca. In 1999 was performed
the first heart transplant by Dr.
Serban Brãdisteanu at the Clinical
Emergency Hospital Floreasca,
followed after a short time by the
second one performed by Prof. Dr.
Radu Deac at the Cardiac Surgery
Center from the County Hospital
Targu-Mures.
Also from 1999 Romania has a
representative person in the
Transplant Committee of the European
Council (Prof. Dr. Irinel Popescu),
whitch allows the immediate adoption
of the european foresights
concerning the transplantation, and
will lead to the adoption in 2006 of
a new transplant law at European
standards.
In April 2000 the first liver
transplant with the survival of the
pacient was performed by Prof. Dr.
Irinel Popescu at Fundeni Hospital,
and in Octomber 2000, the same team
performed the first liver transplant
from living donor (transplant from
mother to daughter).
In 2001 Prof. Dr. Margit Serban,
performed in Universitary Center of
Timisoara the first bone marrow
transplant followed, in a short
while, by other such transplants
performed by the team of Fundeni
Hospital (Prof. Dr. Dan Colita,
Prof. Dr. Constantin Arion).
In 2003 the team of the County
Hospital Constanta (Prof. Dr. Vasile
Sârbu, Dr. Simona Dima) performed
the first autotransplant of pancreas
islets. In 2004 at the Clinical
Institute of Urology and Renal
Transplantation Cluj-Napoca Prof.
Dr. Mihai Lucan performed the first
combined transplant of kidney and
pancreas, and in 2005 at The
Clinical Institute Fundeni (Prof.
Dr. Irinel Popescu, Dr, Simona Dima)
was done the first allotransplant of
pancreas islets from a pacient with
cirrhosis and diabetes, who received
a transplant of liver and pancreas
islets. The first stem cells
transplants were performed for the
first time in 2004 for a myocardic
disease (Prof. Dr. Stefan Drãgulescu,
Prof. Dr. Virgil Pãunescu The
Institute of Cardiology Timisoara),
and in 2005 for a liver disease
(Prof. Dr. Irinel Popescu, Dr.
Simona Dima - Clinical Institute
Fundeni).
The first modern transplantlaw in
Romania was addopted in 1998 - Law
no. 2/1998 concerning the removal
and transplant of human tissues and
organs, with all the conditions for
the removal and the transplantation
of the human tissues and organs. It
was replaced by the Title VI The
removal and the transplant of human
organs, tissues and cells for
therapeutical propose of the Law
no. 95/2006 concerning the reform
in the health field . This title
contains a detailed chapter
concerning the tissues and cells
transplantation. The correspondance
with the european legislation is the
result of the presence of Romania
(Prof. Dr. Irinel Popescu) in the
Committee of Transplant of Organs
and Tissues of The European Council.
n 2004 was adopted the Law no. 588,
for the establishment of the
National Transplant Agency, and Dr.
Victor Zota is named Executive
Director of this Agency, whois has
an official residence and a personal
diagram. Prof. Dr. Irinel Popescu
becomes the president of the
Scientific Council of the Agency.
The Scientific Council has 33
members, important personalities of
the Romanian medicine. These members
were officially named by the
Ministers of Health Order
no.183/2005, completed by the
Ministers of Health Order
no.814/2005 .
In April 2005 Romania started to
celebrate the National Transplant
Day, following the european model.
The new transplant law was addopted
in 2006 - Title VI from Law no.
95/2006, which was updated and
completed, especially in the field
of the donation and transplantation
of human tissues and cellls.
As a result of the transplant
activity, in Romania were performed
until now more than 1000 kidney
transplants (in the Universitary
Centers Bucuharest, Cluj-Napoca,
Timisoara, Iasi, Constanta and
Oradea), more than 100 liver
transplants in the Clinical
Institute Fundeni, more than 50 bone
marrow transplants, more than 30
heart transplants,etc.
In 2000, the results of the
transplant activity in Romania were
officilly recognized at national
level in 2000, when the President of
Romania Emil Constantinescu offered
high distinctions of Romania to:
Prof. Dr. Eugen Proca, Prof. Dr.
Irinel Popescu, Dr. Serban
Bradisteanu, Prof. Dr. Radu Deac,
Prof. Dr. Mihai Lucan, Prof. Dr.
Ioanel Sinescu, Prof. Dr. Dan
Tulbure, Prof. Dr. Petru Dragan si
Prof. Dr. Vladimir Belis. |
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